Cultural information in the heroic epic olonkho Nurgun Bootur the Swift

Abstract

The article considers the issue of cultural information of olonkho P. A. Oyunsky’s Nurgun Bootur the Swift. The purpose of the study is to isolate and analyze groups of cultural information in the epic in question. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that an in-depth study of the reflection of culture in olonkho, as the oldest guardian of folk memory, is an integral and important part of the study of olonkho as a whole, the systematization of which is at the initial stage. The tasks of the work include: the study of theoretical literature on cultural information; collection, analysis and classification of factual material reflecting cultural information in the olonkho P. A. Oyunsky’s Nurgun Bootur the Swift; generalization of the results of the work. The method of continuous sampling, comparative-contrasting and descriptive methods are used.

In the course of the study, based on the writings of V. S. Vinogradov, the following classification of cultural information was highlighted in the heroic epic olonkho Nurgun Bootur the Swift: 1. Household information: housing, property; clothes, attires; food, drinks; types of labor and occupations; 2. Information of art and culture: folk dances and songs, performers; national holidays, games; customs, rituals, traditions; 3. Ethnographic and mythological information: ethnic and social communities and their representatives; deities, spirits; sacred, magical items; 4. Information of the natural world: animals; landscape. 160 examples of cultural information that are often repeated in olonkho are analyzed. Most of the cultural information was found in the third group – ethnographic and mythological information: heroes, boomers, spirits and deities, characters of three worlds, as well as sacred and magical objects. The next large group is descriptions of nature and animals. The abundance of these examples can be explained by the fact that the Yakuts consider themselves children of nature, therefore they highly honor, respect, praise and describe her many times in the olonkho. These descriptions give us a general idea of ​​the world, of the environment of the inhabitants of the three worlds. Least of all cultural information is observed in groups of household information and information about culture and art. Examples of these groups are very common, but are repeated many times and help the reader better imagine the image of the presented hero.

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