On the Yakuts pre-journalism information forms

The author gives examples of the Yakuts pre-journalism information forms and notes that journalism is not only a part of the culture but also a very important part of social development. It influences the evolution of public opinion, the development of spiritual and material culture. In preliterate era the Yakuts formed the most appropriate and effective peculiar ways of informational communication for that time. In particular, the folklore, heroic Olonkho epos, legends and stories which primarily have been transmitting information about ancient history, origin and worldview of the Yakuts. The author also considers the national holiday “Ysyakh” as a platform for communication. The Yakuts were discussing current issues and sharing important domestic and economic information as well as performing ceremonies and rituals during the festival. Fable and epic tellers (olonkhosuts), ritual songs singers (toyuksuts) had a great influence on the public opinion, national consciousness and formation of the young generation`s sense of national dignity in everyday life of the Yakut people. Olonkhosuts and toyuksuts as educators reflected the most vital issues of social and political life, thus forming the peculiarities of information perception. It became the characteristic phenomenon of cultural life of Yakutia up to the end of the XIX century. In this historical context the works of the Yakutian national hero, extemporaneous singer and olonkhosut Vasily Fedorov – Manchary (1805-1870) confirm that national folklore should be considered not only as the precursor of fiction, but also as a pre-journalistic forms of necessary information transfer. 

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