References

eposvfu

Эпосоведение

Epic Studies

2782-4861

Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова

10.25587//SVFU.2019.16.44318

eposvfu-471

Research Article

Статьи

Articles

ЯКУТСКОЕ ЭПИЧЕСКОЕ НАСЛЕДИЕ И ЕГО МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ПЕРЕВОД (1970-е гг. - начало XXI в.)

YAKUT EPIC HERITAGE AND ITS INTERNATIONAL TRANSLATIONS (1970s- beginning of the 21st century)

НАХОДКИНА

Алина Александровна

NAKHODKINA

Alina Alexandrovna

aan-2010@yandex.ru

Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Якутск.РоссияM. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk.Russian Federation

2019

11072026

048087

2026

НАХОДКИНА А.А.

NAKHODKINA A.A.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.epossvfu.ru/jour/article/view/471

Статья представляет собой обзор переводов якутского героического эпоса олонхо на русский и иностранные языки. Обзор захватывает большой период, начиная с советских времен по настоящее время. Впервые в подобное исследование включены неизвестные и малоизвестные переводы, а также отзывы на переводы. Необходимость сохранения и популяризации якутского культурного наследия, представленного выдающимися произведениями якутских классиков, подтверждается историей России и всего человечества. Актуальность переводческих проектов вызвана тем, что в 2005 г. ЮНЕСКО признало якутский героический эпос олонхо Шедевром устного нематериального наследия человечества, что, в свою очередь, вызвало внимание к олонхо в разных странах, возникла необходимость создания переводов олонхо на другие языки. Значение переводов эпоса олонхо определяется особенностями развития традиционных сообществ на современном этапе, особое опасение вызывает их культурное наследие, находящееся под угрозой исчезновения. Олонхо – древний героический эпос якутов – является одним из ярких образцов архаического народного эпоса. В олонхо сложились представления якутского народа о мироздании, система нравственных ценностей, традиционные верования и обычаи, самобытность языка и культуры. Особенно актуальным представляется вопрос об особенностях перевода якутского героического эпоса олонхо на языки народов мира. Своеобразие художественного мира и языка эпоса олонхо обуславливает чрезвычайную сложность его перевода и существенно отличает его от всех других родов литературы. В конце ХХ в. якутский героический эпос олонхо заговорил не только на русском, но и на других языках мира. В настоящей работе рассматриваются переводы якутского эпоса олонхо на русский, английский, французский, корейский, в частности, полнотекстовый английский перевод олонхо П. А. Ойунского «Нюргун Боотур Стремительный», переводы олонхо П. В. Оготоева «Элэс Боотур» и др. эпические тексты. Отмечается также внимание к различным текстам олонхо со стороны переводчиков немецкого, турецкого и японского языков.

The article is a review of translations of the Yakut heroic epic olonkho into Russian and foreign languages. The review captures a large period, from Soviet times to the present. For the first time, such a study included unknown and little-known translations, as well as reviews on translations. The need to preserve and popularize the Yakut cultural heritage, represented by outstanding works of the Yakut classics, is confirmed by the history of Russia and of all mankind. The relevance of translation projects is due to the fact that in 2005 UNESCO recognized the Yakut heroic epic olonkho as a Masterpiece of the Oral Intangible Heritage of Humanity, which, in turn, caused attention to olonkho in different countries. This fact inspired an interest to Yakut epic worldwide and stimulated translations of it into various languages and the research of these translations that supposed to be a tool for Northern cultural heritage preservation.

The significance of translations of the olonkho epic is determined by the features of the development of traditional communities at the present stage, their cultural heritage, which is in danger of extinction, is of particular concern. Olonkho – the ancient heroic epic of the Yakuts – is one of the brightest examples of the archaic folk epic. The olonkho formed the ideas of the Yakut people about the universe, a system of moral values, traditional beliefs and customs, the originality of language and culture. Particularly relevant is the question of the features of the translation of the Yakut heroic epic olonkho into the world languages. The uniqueness of the artistic world and the language of the epic olonkho determines the extreme complexity of its translation and significantly distinguishes it from all other kinds of literature. At the end of the twentieth century the Yakut heroic epic olonkho spoke not only in Russian, but also in other languages of the world. This paper considers translations of the Yakut epic olonkho into Russian, English, French, Korean, in particular, the full-text English translation of the olonkho Nurgun Bootur the Swift by P. A. Oyunsky; translations of olonkho Eles Bootur by P. V. Ogotoev and other epic texts. Translators of German, Turkish and Japanese also paid attention to various olonkho texts.

Якутский героический эпосолонхокультурное наследиесохранениепереводОйунскийОготоевфольклорязыканглийский

Yakut heroic epicolonkhocultural heritagepreservationtranslationOyunskyOgotoevfolklorelanguageEnglish

References1

Kargin A. S., Kostina A. V. Sohranenie nematerial'nogo kul'turnogo naslediya narodov RF kak prioritet kul'turnoy politiki Rossii v XXI veke [The preservation of cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation as a first-hand priority of the Russian cultural policy in the 21st century]. In: Kul'turnaya politika. Znaniye, ponimaniye, umeniye [Cultural Policy. Knowledge, Understanding, Skills]. 2008, No. 3, pp. 59-71. (In Russ. lang.)

Eriedel Bergen [Eriedel Bergen]. In: Middendorf A. F. Puteshestvie na sever i vostok Sibiri. Sever i vostok Sibiri v estestvenno-istoricheskom otnoshenii. Ch. 2. Otd. 6. Korennye zhiteli Sibiri [Travel in the North and East of Siberia. The North and East of Siberia in the natural and historical aspects. Part 2. Div. 6. Indigenous people of Siberia]. Saint Petersburg, Tip. Imp. Akad. nauk, 1878, pp. 620-833.

Illarionov V. V., Illarionova T. V. Vvedeniye v kurs “Olonkhovedeniye” [Introduction to the Olonkho Studies]. Yakutsk, Bichik, 2009, 56 p. (In Russ. lang.)

Er Sogotokh: The Lone Stranger. Transl. into English by Douglas Lindsay. In: Arizona Quarterly. 1971, vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 125-137.

Nurgun Baatyr. Saxa elinin baatyrdyk eposu Olonkho [Nurgun Bootur. Yakut heroic epic olonkho]. Transl. into Kyrgyz S. Abdyldaev. Bishkek, Turar Publishing, 2014, 497 p. (In Kyrgyz lang.)

Niourgoun le Yakoute, guerrier céleste. Les guerriers célestes du pays yakoute-saxa. Traduit en Francais par Yankel Karro. Paris, Gallimard, 1994, 192 (In French lang.)

Culuruyar Nurgun Bootur. into Turkish by Murat Erzos. Ankara, Turksoy Publishing, 2010, 532 p. (In Turkish lang.)

Nikolaeva N. A. The history of translation of the Yakut heroic epic olonkho into world’s languages. In: Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University: Series Epic studies. 2016, 3, pp. 85-90. doi: 10.25587/SVFU.2016.3.10870. (In Russ. lang.)

Pis’mo Yamashita Munehisa k N. M. Popovoy ot 1 noyabr’ya 2017 goda [A letter of Yamashita Munehisa to N. M. Popova of November 1, 2017]. Personal archive of A. A. Nakhodkina. (In Russ. lang.)

Popova N. M., Tadagawa L. O. O perevod’e fragmenta olonkho D. A. Tomskoy “Saryn Nurgustay” na yaponskiy yazik [On the Japanese Translation of an Olonkho Extract by D. A. Tomskaya “Saryn Nurgustay”]. In: Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University: Series Epic studies. 2017, No. 1, pp. 35-41. doi: 10.25587/SVFU.2017.5.10804. (In Russ. lang.)

Popova N. M., Tadagawa L. O. O trudnost’yakh transliteratsii v perevode otryvka olonkho A. Solovieva “Uolan Dokhsun” na yaponsky yazik [On the challenges of transliteration in the process of making a Japanese translation an extract of olonkho “Uolan Dokhsun”]. In: Cultural heritage of traditional communities in the context of world civilization: problems of translation and international dialogue: Proceedings of the All-Russian scientific conference (with international participants) devoted to the 60th anniversary of NEFU (Yakutsk, November 10-11, 2016). Yakutsk, NEFU Publishing House, 2016, pp. 172-178. (In Russ. lang.)

Ojuunuskay A. Njurgun Bootur the Impetuous. The first song. Transl. into English by Ruslan Skrybykin. In: Vestnik Respublikanskogo Kolledja [Herald of Republican College]. 1995, No. 1, Yakutsk, pp. 6-111.

The Rescuing of the Hero Khaan Djargystay. The Stealing of the Tuyarima Kuo. The Test of the Magic Lasso Khalbas Khara. Transl. into English by A. A. Goldman. In: Literature and Art Almanac “Prima Aurora” devoted to the 10-year anniversary of the Department of Translation. Editor-in-Chief A. A. Nakhodkina. Yakutsk, YSU Publishing, 2003, pp. 75-82.

Ogotoev P. Eles Bootur: olonkho. Yakutsk, 2002, 228 p. (In Yakut lang.)

Ogotoev P. V. Eles Bootur: olonkho: Yakutskiy geroicheskiy epos olonkho [Eles Bootur: olonkho: The Yakut heroic epic olonkho]. into Russian by M. Alekseeva. Yakutsk, 2002, 196 p. (In Russ. lang.)

Ogotoev P. V. Eles Bootur: Yakut heroic epos-olonkho. into English by A. Scryabina. Yakutsk, 2002, 128 p.

Ogotoev P. V. Eles Bootour: epopee heroique yakoute – olonkho. into French by V. Shaposhnikova. Yakutsk, UFNE editions, 2013, 216 p. (In French lang.)

Ogotoev P. V. Eles Bootur: Yakut heroic epos-olonkho. into Korean by Kang Duck Soo. Seoul, 2005, 128 p. (In Korean lang.)

Pis’mo by P. Chernykh-Yakutskogo k A. M. Gorkomu [A Letter of P. Chernykh-Yakutsky to M. A. Gorky]. In: Rukopisnyi fond Pushkinskoi respublikanskoi biblioteki. Arkhiv P. Chernykh-Yakutskogo [Manuscript Fund of the Pushkin Republic Library. Archive of P. Chernykh-Yakutsky]. (In Russ. lang.)

Oyunsky P. A. Nurgun Botur the Swift. English translation under the supervision of Alina Nakhodkina. Folkestone, Renaissance Books Publishing House, 2014, 447 p.

Tomskaya D. A. – Chaika. Kyys Kylaabynai Buhatyyr = Bogatyrka Kyys Kylaabynai = Kyys Kylaabynai the Warrior. Transl. into Russian by A. E. Shaposhnikova, transl. into English by V. K. Neustroeva. Yakutsk, Alaas Publishing, 2016, 240 p. (In Yakut, Russ. and Eng. lang.)

Karataev V. O. Ogo Tulaaiakh Buhatyyr = Ogo Tulaaiakh Bogatyr = Ogo Tulaaiakh Warrior. Transl. into Russian by A. E. Shaposhnikova, transl. into English by V. K. Neustroeva. Yakutsk, Alaas Publishing, 2017, 232 p. (In Yakut, Russ. and Eng. lang.)

Chernogradsky-Chuorunay S. I. Khopto Buurai Attaakh Khaptaljin Baatyr = Khaptaljin Baatyr Who Has Khopto Buurai Horse. into English by V. K. Neustroeva. Yakutsk, S. D. Ivanov Private Enterprise, SMIK Publishing House, 2017, 40 p. (In Yakut and Eng. lang.)

Akiner Shirin. Personal reflections on olonkho: Nurgun Botur the Swift. April 2014. Personal archive of A. A. Nakhodkina.

Pis’mo Piersa Vitebskogo k A. A. Nakhodkinoy ot 21marta, 2013 goda [A Letter by Piers Vitebsky to A. A. Nakhodkina, March 21, 2013]. Personal archive of A. A. Nakhodkina. (In Russ. lang.)

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.